This classification underlines the importance of memory during every stage of our life 1. The working memory includes memories from a few seconds up to minutes and the ultra-short-term memory (or sensory memory) includes memories from the last second 5. Memory exists on different timescales, the long-term memory includes memories from years, days and hours ago. This sentence nicely summarizes the importance of our brains’ ability to continuously learn and build memories for our self-awareness, and for the perception of and the interaction with our environment (e.g. “We are who we are because of what we learn and what we remember” 1. Overall, this study indicates that there is an easy, efficient and economical way to enhance memory performance in daily life. They further suggest to use at least 3 days and nights of odor cueing. Our findings support the notion of a beneficial effect of odor cueing. (3) We found no clear evidence for effects of odor cueing on the forgetting dynamics. (2) This odor cueing effect increased across the three days of cued learning. Results: (1) Group LST learned 8.5% more vocabulary words than the other groups overall. Participants performed intermediate tests after each learning session plus three final tests 1, 7 and 28 days after the last learning session. Group LS received odor cueing during learning and sleep, group LT during learning and testing and group LST during learning, sleep and testing. Group N received no odor during the whole study. The present online study builds on these findings with the following questions: (1) Can we replicate beneficial memory effects of additional odor cueing during tests? (2) How many odor cueing learning sessions and odor cueing nights of sleep maximize the learning success? (3) Can odor cueing also reduce the amount of forgetting over time? 160 Participants learned 40 German Japanese word pairs in four groups with separate experimental conditions over three days. A recent study applying a real-life paradigm indicated that additional odor cueing during a Final Test can further increase this cueing effect. Several studies found beneficial effects of presenting cues (odor or sounds) during learning and during sleep for memory performance. Improving our learning abilities is important for numerous aspects of our life.
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